Understanding Substance Use Treatment Options

Substance use disorders (SUDs) affect millions of individuals and families around the world. A 2022 United States National Survey on Drug Use and Health revealed 16.7% of Americans aged 12 and older have battled SUD, and 10.5% of Americans aged 12 and older had an alcohol use disorder (AUD) in the past year. Effective treatments require addressing not only the physical aspects of addiction, but also the psychological, social and emotional components. Knowing the full range of treatment choices that are available can help individuals and families make informed decisions that best meet their unique needs.

Outpatient programs: flexibility and continuity

Outpatient treatment is a flexible option for individuals seeking help while maintaining their daily responsibilities. These programs typically involve a series of scheduled sessions with health care professionals, including counselors, psychologists and medical doctors. There are various levels of outpatient care, from intensive outpatient programs (IOPs) to standard outpatient services. IOPs are more comprehensive, often requiring several hours of therapy and counseling per week, while standard outpatient services may involve weekly or bi-weekly sessions. Outpatient programs are particularly beneficial for individuals with mild to moderate SUD, whether they have completed a residential program or not, and those who require ongoing treatment and support.

Recovery groups: building a supportive community

Community support programs are another valuable treatment option, offering participants the opportunity to share their experiences and challenges in a supportive environment. There are many varieties of community support, including well-known programs like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA), as well as other non-12- step groups. These meetings can be tailored to specific demographics, such as gender-specific groups, LGBTQ+ groups or groups for individuals with co-occurring mental health disorders.

Medication for Addiction Treatment: integrating medication and therapy

Medication for Addiction Treatment (MAT) uses medications that are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of substance use conditions. They show benefits when used with or without counseling and behavioral therapies and are a useful tool for providing a “whole-patient” approach to treatment. MAT has been shown to be effective in the treatment of opioid use disorders and alcohol use disorders to help reduce cravings. When treating opioid use disorder, MAT can also help treat and even prevent severe withdrawal symptoms.

It is important to note that MAT is not a “one-size-fits-all” solution. It should be tailored to the individual’s specific needs and monitored by health care professionals. The use of medications is evidence-based treatment and not “replacing one drug for another.” Talking to your trusted prescribers about your specific goals and questions about medications is the best first place to start. Treating substance use conditions is similar to other specialty treatment in which having prescribers who understand the condition, treatment needs and role of medications is a necessary formula for success. 

Holistic and alternative therapies: complementary approaches

In addition to traditional and medical treatments, many individuals find value in holistic and alternative therapies such as yoga, meditation, acupuncture and art therapy. These approaches focus on treating the whole person — mind, body and spirit. When taking complementary and alternative supplements, communicate with your doctors to make sure that there are no adjustments needed in your treatment plan to support your goals. 

The importance of aftercare and ongoing support

Recovery from SUD is an ongoing process that requires continuous effort and support. Aftercare programs, such as sober living houses, alumni groups and continued therapy, play a crucial role in maintaining sobriety and preventing relapse. These programs provide a structured environment and ongoing support, helping individuals navigate the challenges of everyday life without resorting to substance use.