Understanding Treatment Options for Neurodiverse Diagnoses

When you or a child/loved one is diagnosed with a neurodiverse condition like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism or dyslexia, your first questions might be: What does this mean? What can I do to help? These are natural concerns, and the good news is that there are many pathways to support. Understanding treatment options — and deciding whether treatment is even necessary — is the first step toward success.

A range of support

Not all neurodiverse individuals require medical or therapeutic intervention. For many, simple accommodation at home, in the classroom or at work can make a difference. Providing extra time on assignments, reducing sensory stimuli or implementing a consistent daily routine are small changes that can yield big benefits. For those whose challenges extend beyond these adjustments, several evidence-based approaches are available:

• Medication: Medications are the first line of treatment for ADHD with stimulants such as Ritalin and Adderall most prescribed. Studies have shown they are effective for about 80% of children and adolescents with ADHD (Cleveland Clinic). These medications can help improve focus, self-regulation and overall function. For children younger than age 6, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends parent training in behavior management to learn skills to help your child.
• Therapy: Therapy options vary depending on specific needs. Behavioral therapy can help individuals manage emotions and behaviors, while speech therapy or occupational therapy can address communication and motor skills. Research underscores the importance of early intervention — especially for children with autism — to enhance long-term outcomes.
• Educational Interventions: For learning differences like dyslexia, specialized tools such as multisensory reading programs or one-on-one tutoring can significantly improve literacy and confidence. These interventions are often tailored to meet the individual where they are academically.
• Parent and Family Support: Family-focused programs teach parents strategies to support their child or loved one’s development while also strengthening the family dynamic. When parents feel equipped to advocate and adapt, the whole support system benefits.

The importance of individualized treatment plans

Treatment is not a one-size-fits-all approach — different approaches are appropriate for different conditions. Many families find that combined approaches including medication, plus therapy that focuses on critical social and behavioral skills and educational accommodations, offers the most comprehensive support. According to the most recent statistics from the CDC, among children ages 3-17 with a current behavioral health condition, over half (53%) received treatment or counseling from a behavioral health professional, and 43% took medication. Many families find that combining approaches — such as therapy and educational accommodations — offers the most comprehensive support.

Meeting individuals where they are

Supporting a neurodiverse person isn’t about changing who they are — it’s about giving them the tools and opportunities to succeed on their terms. Accommodation at school or work, therapy sessions, and consistency in communication support are steps that reinforce a neurodiverse person’s ability to navigate their world with confidence. As you explore the best options, remember that there’s no one-size-fits-all solution. Each person’s path is unique as they are.